Supernatural Attitude and Mental Health Practices among the Tribal with Special Reference to Jharkhand

Abstract

Background: Tribal constitutes a distinct socio-cultural community in India. Though they form a part of the Indian population, there are major differences in their social, cultural, economic, administrative structure, spatial locations etc. Previous studies found that the majority of tribal people are not aware about mental illness and it is a general belief among tribes is that mental illness is something to do with God and previous deeds. The psycho-social issues found in Jharkhand leading to mental illness are alcoholism, unemployment, debt, family disputes, inferiority complex, poverty, illiteracy malnutrition etc. Aim: Aim of the study is to assess the supernatural attitude among tribal about mental illness, to explore general practices related to mental health and to find out the psychosocial issues among tribes. Materials & Method:  A community based crossed sectional study was conducted at Jharkhand. The supernatural attitude was assessed by using a supernatural attitude questionnaire, a especially design semi-structured interview schedule was used to collect other relevant information. A total of 60 participants were included in the study from selected villages of the Ranchi and Pakur districts. Results: The majority of the participants believe in supernatural powers and they attribute common physical and psychological illness to the bhoot prêt (ghost), opri kasar (black magic) and devi-devta prakop (God's curse), etc. Conclusion: There is a need for community-based awareness programs about mental illness; it should be launched at weekly marketplaces in tribal areas with the collaboration of health workers and local people.