Distressed Lonely Siblings’ Struggle with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

Authors

  • Dharmender Nehra Clinical Psychologist, State Institute of Mental Health, UHS, Haryana, India
  • Jagdish Chander Bathla Psychiatrist, Bathla Psychiatric Hospital, Karnal, Haryana, India
  • Pradeep Kumar Psychiatric Social Worker, State Institute of Mental Health, UHS, Rohtak, Haryana, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.29120/ijpsw.2019.v10.i2.134

Abstract

Background: Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is a common and often disabling, psychiatric disorder  Earlier it was considered a difficult-to-treat disorder these viewpoints are radically changed in the last three decades as cognitive behavioural therapy (exposure and response prevention therapy), has shown significant results for individuals suffering from OCD. In the present report, two cases of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD), which happened to be siblings (one male one female), are being reported. In contrast to most other case reports depicted in world literature, the two siblings reported here were living under a roof but couldn’t talk for years. Both felt that their relationship suffered badly through their illness; as both of them were having a distressing sexual obsession of each other, along with other compulsions. The case report illustrated the journey of two distressed and lonely siblings’ struggle with OCD. Assessment & Management: OCD was diagnosed applying the existing criteria for OCD in the tenth revision of the International Statistical Classification of Disease and Related Health Problems (ICD-10), in addition, Y-BOCS also used to determine the severity of symptoms, pre-treatment and improvement Post-treatment. Therapy was adapted component from cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) & exposure and response prevention (ERP) and typically involves 16 to 20 sessions. Outcome: This case report shows that Psychological intervention led to significant symptomatic improvement in the patients discussed. By present findings and understanding of the cases, it is to claim for sure that for successful treatment of OCD psychological treatment must be used.

Keywords: Obsessive compulsive disorder, sexual thoughts, exposure and response prevention

References

Kessler RC, Chiu WT, Demler O, Walters EE. Prevalence, severity and comorbidity of 12-month DSM-IV disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 2005;62(6):617-27.

Attiullah N, Eisen JL, Rasmussen SA. Clinical features of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Psychiatr Clin North Am 2000;23(3):469-91.

Stein MB, Forde DR, Anderson G, Walker JR. Obsessive-compulsive disorder in the community: an epidemiologic survey with clinical reappraisal. Am J Psychiatry1997;154(8):1120-6.

Weissman MM, Bland RC, Canino GJ, Greenwald S. The cross national epidemiology of obsessive compulsive disorder: The Cross National Collaborative Group. J Clin Psychiatry1994;5-10.

Bloch MH, Landeros-Weisenberger A, Rosario MC, Pittenger C, Leckman JF. Meta-analysis of the symptom structure of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Am J Psychiatry 2008;165(12):1532-42.

Lensi P, Cassano GB, Correddu G, Ravagli S, Kunovac JL, Akiskal HS. Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder: Familial–Developmental History, Symptomatology, Comorbidity and Course with Special Reference to Gender-Related Differences. Br J Psychiatry1996;169(1):101-7.

Rachman SJ, Hodgson RJ. Obsessions and compulsions. Prentice Hall; 1980.

Steketee GS, Grayson JB, Foa EB. Obsessive-compulsive disorder: Differences between washers and checkers. Behav Res Ther 1985;23(2):197-201.

Khess CR, Akhtar S, Jagawat T, Das S, Srivastava A. Gender and psychopathology in obsessive compulsive disorder. Indian J Psychiatry 1996;38(3):166-171.

Moberg J, O'Doherty C. Clinical screening for obsessive compulsive and related disorders. Isr J Psychiatry 2008;45(3):151-63

Dell’Osso L, Casu G, Carlini M, Conversano C, Gremigni P, Carmassi C. Sexual obsessions and suicidal behaviors in patients with mood disorders, panic disorder and schizophrenia. Ann Gen Psychiatry 2012;11(1):27.

Foa EB, Kozak MJ. DSM-IV field trial: Obsessive-compulsive disorder. Am J Psychiatry 1995;152(1):90-6.

Baer L. The imp of the mind: Exploring the silent epidemic of obsessive bad thoughts. Penguin; 2002.

Gordon WM. Sexual obsessions and OCD. Sex Relation Ther 2002;17(4):343-54.

Veale D, Freeston M, Krebs G, Heyman I, Salkovskis P. Risk assessment and management in obsessive–compulsive disorder. Adv Psychiatr Treat 2009;15(5):332-43.

Grant JE, Pinto A, Gunnip M, Mancebo MC, Eisen JL, Rasmussen SA. Sexual obsessions and clinical correlates in adults with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Compr Psychiatry 2006;47(5):325-9.

Cordioli AV. A terapiacognitivo-comportamental no transtornoobsessivo-compulsivo. Revistabrasileira de psiquiatria. Braz J Psychiatry 2008;30(2): S65-S72.

Rosa-Alcázar AI, Sánchez-Meca J, Gómez-Conesa A, Marín-Martínez F. Psychological treatment of obsessive–compulsive disorder: A meta-analysis. Clin. Psychol. Rev 2008;28(8):1310-25.

Franklin ME, Freeman J, March JS. Treating pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder using exposure-based cognitive-behavioral therapy. Evidence-based psychotherapies for children and adolescents 2010;2:80-92.

Himle JA, Van Etten M, Fischer DJ. Group cognitive behavioral therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder: A review. Brief Treat Crisis Interv 2003;3(2):217-29.

Riggs DS, Foa EB. Obessisive-compulsive disorder. In D. H. Barlow (Ed.), Clinical handbook of psychological disorders (2nd ed.). New York: Guilford Press.1993. pp. 189-239

Steketee GS. Treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder. New York: Guilford Press. 1993.

Cottraux JA, Note I, Yao S. et al. Cognitive therapy versus intensive behaviour therapy (NR 646). In New Research Program and Abstracts 153rd Annual Meeting of American Psychiatric Association 2000 May 13-18; Chicago, IL, Washington, DC, American Psychiatric Association 2000. p231.

Watson HJ, Rees CS. Meta‐analysis of randomized, controlled treatment trials for pediatric obsessive‐compulsive disorder. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2008;49(5):489-98.

American Psychiatric Association. Practice Guideline for the Treatment of Patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder. American Psychiatric Association Practice Guidelines 2007.

Gautam S, Gupta ID, Lai VB, Mandal N, Khandelwal R. Clinical practice guidelines for the management of obsessive compulsive disorder. India: Indian Psychiatric Society. [cited 2017 May 23]. Available from: http://www.indianjpsychiatry.org/cpg/cpg2004/CPG-PsyInd_15.pdf

Neziroglu F, Yaryura-Tobias JA, Walz J, Mckay DE. The effect of fluvoxamine and behavior therapy on children and adolescents with obsessive-compulsive disorder. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol 2000;10(4):295-306.

Goodman WK, Price LH, Rasmussen SA, Mazure C, Delgado P, Heninger GR, Charney DS. The Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale: II. Validity. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 1989;46(11):1012-6.

Abramowitz JS. The Psychological Treatment of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. Can J Psychiatry 2006;51(7):407-16.

Karmic Dictionary: Past Life Causes of Present Life Disorders. [cited 2017 May 23]. Available from: http://www.healpastlives.com/pastlf/karmdict/kdcarry.htm

Freeston MH, Ladouceur R. The cognitive behavioral treatment of obsessions: A treatment manual. Université Laval, Québec, New York. 1997.

Obsessive Compulsive Cognitions Working Group. Cognitive assessment of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Behav Res Ther 1997;35(7):667-81.

Williams MT, Farris SG. Sexual orientation obsessions in obsessive–compulsive disorder: Prevalence and correlates. Psychiatry Res 2011;187(1-2):156-9.

Abramowitz JS, Franklin ME, Schwartz SA, Furr JM. Symptom presentation and outcome of cognitive-behavioral therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder. J Consult Clin Psychol 2003;71(6):1049-57.

Farris SG, Mugno BL, Williams MT, Franklin ME, Foa EB. The myth of the pure obsessional: compulsions in taboo thoughts. Poster session presented at the annual meeting of the International Obsessive-Compulsive Foundation, Arlington, VA;2010.

Veale D. Cognitive–behavioural therapy for obsessive–compulsive disorder. Adv Psychiatr Treat 2007;13(6):438-46.

Rachman S. A cognitive theory of obsessions: Elaborations. Behav Res Ther1998;36(4):385-401.

Salkovskis PM. Obsessional-compulsive problems: A cognitive-behavioural analysis. Behav Res Ther 1985;23(5):571-83.

Shafran R, Thordarson DS, Rachman S. Thought-action fusion in obsessive compulsive disorder. Journal of Anxiety Disorders 1996;10(5):379-91.

Eddy KT, Dutra L, Bradley R, Westen D. A multidimensional meta-analysis of psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder. Clin. Psychol. Rev 2004;24(8):1011-30.

National Collaborating Centre for Mental Health. Obsessive Compulsive Disorder: Core Interventions in the Treatment of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder and Body Dysmorphic Disorder. London & Leicester: The Royal College of Psychiatrists and the British Psychological Society, 2006.

Whittal ML, Thordarson DS, McLean PD. Treatment of obsessive–compulsive disorder: Cognitive behavior therapy vs. exposure and response prevention. Behav Res Ther 2005;43(12):1559-76.

Downloads

Published

23-10-2019

How to Cite

Nehra, D. ., Bathla, J. C. ., & Kumar, P. . (2019). Distressed Lonely Siblings’ Struggle with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder. Indian Journal of Psychiatric Social Work, 10(2), 107–115. https://doi.org/10.29120/ijpsw.2019.v10.i2.134

Issue

Section

Case Reports