Psychosocial Intervention in a Young Adult with Dissociative (Conversion) Disorder & Borderline intellectual functioning: A Case Study

Abstract

Introduction Dissociation is a complex psychological phenomenon where thoughts, feelings, and experiences are not fully integrated into conscious awareness (Bernstein & Putnam, 1986). Manifesting as memory lapses, detachment, or a sense of unreality, dissociation significantly impacts emotional well-being and mental health. Freud's concept of "conversion disorder" suggests that these symptoms arise from unconscious conflicts. This condition is prevalent among children, young adults, and individuals from rural, middle-class backgrounds, with a higher incidence in females (2.5:1). Parenting factors also contribute to the development of dissociation.

Methodology: This single-subject case study describes an 18-year-old male diagnosed with dissociative (conversion) disorder and borderline intellectual functioning. Following informed consent, a comprehensive psychosocial assessment was conducted in the inpatient ward at the Central Institute of Psychiatry. Assessment tools included the modified Kuppuswamy scale, McMaster Family Assessment Device, Zarit Burden Interview, Family Attitude Scale, and Parenting Style Questionnaire. Psychosocial formulation tailored interventions in a collaborative approach between the individual, their family was made.

Result- The findings highlighted the complex, multifaceted nature of dissociation. Psychosocial factors, including a discordant family environment, adverse life events like stringent punishment and harassment in tuition classes, inconsistent parenting, and unmet emotional needs, shaped the disorder's trajectory. These issues were addressed through psychosocial interventions with both long-term and short-term goals.

Conclusion - Comprehensive psychosocial evaluation and targeted interventions provided valuable insights into the patient's family dynamics and contributing factors. Early detection and holistic intervention are crucial in addressing dissociative disorders in youth.