Behavioural addiction: A growing concern for mental health practice

Abstract

Behavioural addiction is emerging as a critical concern in contemporary mental health practice, particularly in the post-COVID context marked by increased digital dependency. Defined by compulsive engagement in everyday behaviours such as gaming, internet use, and shopping, behavioural addictions often persist despite harmful personal, social, and occupational consequences. This article explores the evolving conceptualisation of behavioural addiction, highlighting the absence of consensus on diagnostic criteria and the complex overlap with other mental health disorders. Drawing on models proposed by Griffiths and Giordano, the paper outlines the key diagnostic components and indicators. Evidence from recent studies underscores the high prevalence of behavioural addiction among youth, driven by developmental vulnerability and technological environments designed to maximise user engagement. The article also examines the psychological and social consequences, including anxiety, depression, academic decline, and social isolation. Given the parallels with substance use disorders, interventions such as cognitive-behavioural therapy, mindfulness, and digital detox strategies have shown promise. The role of psychiatric social workers is emphasised, especially in assessment, psychoeducation, and community-based interventions. The paper concludes by calling for policy-level responses, educational reforms, and multidisciplinary strategies to address this growing epidemic, advocating for early intervention and further research into diagnostic clarity and practical treatment approaches.